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dzִԶ̽ķչ  

йѧѧԺо
2005/03/24

ժҪ ڲҵ棬δԶ߽̽ӿѧӿšԴʵ˸ֵĹڰѧλϣԶ̽ڻΡת䣻ڽѧģʽ棬ʵ˸ԻЭʽѧϰʽЭͬʱʦɫ任Լѧֹϸַ֧棬Իϵͳķϵѧ棬ѧýӶԪͬʱ⻯ܻĽѧõ㷺ӦãӪϣڱϽѧǰ£עغѧʵҵʽЧһߡ

ؼ Զ̽

ִԶ̽ϢķչһͽʽͶ١㡢ЧʸߵƣõҹԼĸ߶ӡ

7ʵ֮̽ҹִԶ̽ȡ˳Ľչʼӵɳת䣬淶гķչۿʼΪҵɡȻĿǰҹִԶ̽ϸгչ⣬ߵѧȻռڱԵλ÷չѧѵδ׶ѧǰ͡Ϸ˵̬ոո¶ͷǣѧӪģʽгǰԲ

ʵչδԶ̽ѧԺУᶨġ˷ѣЧΪѧϰŬҹԶ̽Ŀǣ 2010꣬γɶ񡢶Ρʽ๦ܵľйɫִϵҹδִԶ̽չƾΣݶİѧʵ̽ΪչҪ¼棺

һҵ

ѧϰõձϿɣѧϰ֯ҵȣѧϰ͸˵IJӿ죬ִԶ̽ƵõձӦãҵӿš淶гҪ¼㣺

1Զ߽̽ӿѧ淶ȶ

ͨ 7ķչҹԶ̽ȡ˳ĽչȻѧ߸Զ̽˼ͻȻĿǰҹԶ̽ڲ̶ͬϴͺŤȱݣ谭Զ̽Ľһչǣڵ̽ͲҹδԶ߽̽ӿѧ淶ȶ

2гӿţʻͱػӾ

ǩ WTOóЭУҹ޿ŽгijŵŽгĹʻĹԶ̽ƷƽҹгͬʱҹҲʹøšȽͨõҵ׼ҹԶ̽ƷƣǻѧĻȣ߳Ųʽг

ڹгľУԶ̽ƷƸעرʹԼĽƷкʵ

3ԴʵֳֹԶ̽ҵЧ

໥ͬʱԶ̽βҵԺУ֮᱾ƻԭǿȡսԺķʽͬԴгƹ㣻һ棬γ̺ѧֵĻϳ̶ߣѧֿЯгǿЩʹԶ̽ҵЧߣʵֶ෽Ӯ

ѧλ

Զ̽ҵij죬Զ̽ѧǰڽΪԭ򣬰ѧ˼תĹڸߵѧ򹹽ϵķתѧλøԡѧֳص㣺

Զ̽ѧԱݡԱְҵӹ㷺ʵнࡣ

2

ѧνӿ˱רѧоѧ׶ѧǰְҵѵ֤ϷȸΣͬʱѧεĽṹҲӺ˸ߵѧһ֦Ľ֣Զ̽ʵ˸ЧķڽѧϰĹܡ

3

ִԶ̽עѧԱʵۣԼоۺȫ˲š

ѧģʽѧ

1ѧģʽ

aԻѧϰ

Զ̽Уʦѧϰߴ׼÷״̬ʱյķʹѧϰߵѧϰһָ𻯵ѧϰУѧϰͨѧƽ̨ѧԴиԻѧϰѡѧϰʱ䡢صͻԼѧϰи߶ơ

bЭʽѧϰ

ǿѧϰ߸ԻѧϰͬʱδԶ̽Уʦ֮䡢ѧϰ֮ĽЭԽԽõձӡһͨżƵϵͳԼΪýͨŷʽijִ֣ԶѧϰЭԳʵ֣һѧϰ߸˼άǿѧϰ֮ĹͨԼ

2̵ģʽ

Զ̽ѧУʦĽɫת䣬ʦôӽѧתΪѧӴ֪ʶΪתΪƽѧΪѵתΪߡѧϰ֯ߺʵʩߡΪʹѧЧʵߣڶԸѧͳﰲšϵͳ滮Ļϣʦķֹȷѧ̸ڽȷ˽ѧ

ġַ֧

Զ̽ѧУԶѧǽ͹ĶҲ֧ĶҪѧṩԻѧػ԰ѧѧϰ˳ѧҵԶַ֧̽ʵIJƣδѧַ֧ƣγʽַ֧ϵ

1ȫ̷

Զ̽ԺУһѧṩѯԻѧϰ֧֡ѧѧϰ͡ɼѯѧϰȫ̵ַ֧һ棬Ϊѧṩй֪顢ѯԾֲܵԶѧԱȱʦнУ԰ĻѬյȷIJ㡣

2ȫѧԱ

ѧԱṩַ֧񣬰ڶѧԱѧϰϰͬʱҲDZڵѧԱԼУıҵ

3ȫ̹

ѧַ֧񣬰ѧнְԱְ𣬵ֹвͬ

4ȫý

δѧֶַ֧θΪȫ棬ֳԼͨŷϵͳ̻ƶܻĺĵȡ

Ƶѧַ֧ϵͳ˸ĵѧϰΧ߽ѧЧ

塢ѧ

ĿǰõִԶֶ̽еӹ㲥Ƶ顢硢泡 (VBI)ߵӡֵӡƵ,ǸиԵӣǻͬͨšԡ۸񡢲̵ȷ涼ƣδԶ̽У罫õ̶ȵ͸ռΪ壬ֶΪ䣬ãͬʱƶͨżʼִԶ̽еõӦãӷκˡκεطκʱܰԼԸȡҪϢѧϰԴ

ŷ漼˹ܼý弼ԼͨżԶ̽ѧеۺӦãԶ̽㷺Ĺ⻯ܻĽѧҡͼݡģʵҡУ԰Զ̽ѧпʼõձӦãʹѧϰӵһֽԻĻٽʦ֮䡢ѧϰ֮ĻЭʵ˽ѧΪϡ

Ӫ

Զ̽ҵͲҵ˫ԣδԶ̽ԺУӪϽص㣺

1Ӫ棬עرϽѧǰ£׷ߵľЧ

ܲŵ𽥼δԶ̽ԺУİѧҪ֤ϵͬʱҵڲʵкϣҵڱϽѧ˸á

Զ̽вҵԣͳƻĹԽ⵽ѧơƵõƣʱԶ̽ҵõЧáԺУڱ֤ѧǰʵʶȹģ˾Ч档

2Ӫ巽棬ƻԭ򣬺ѧռԺУټ

ĿǰҹԶ̽İѧģʽҪ࣬һɴͳԺУרŻʵʩ֮ΪͰѧģʽһǴͳԺУҵߴͳԺУ֮ѧģʽͰѧģʽ

ͰѧģʽڰѧھӪԴиߵҪԽгľȱʶԺУƱضľ֧˥ܣ͵İѧģʽ˽ѧԴѧ顢ƷơѧѧʽȸԴиǿľơͰѧģʽδռֻݺԴƲͬķΧȸвͬ

3Ʒ棬ҵʽĹƱ㷺

ִҵƶЧƣԽԽıӦõԶ̽ԺУУ ִҵƵΪִԶ̽˲

Զ̽ҵԣԺУ֯ṹIJ÷ȨͼȨٵĻģʽڽѧѧоʵзȨַ֧ӪȲʵмȨԺУԹԱʵƸƣͬʱ걸ļƺ͹ƶȣ֤Ļԣ⣬Զ̽ԺУѵƶԱʡЩʩʹԶԺУ˽ϸߵЧʺʢĴ

ߡ

ǰҹȻŽԴϡȱ޷ѧϰľ޴ѹţ߻𲽸ơѧԺУӪߣҹԶ̽ӹ淶г

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[1] µ.йԶ̽չʮ.йԶ̽ 20034

[2] ë滸.չ˼.Ƽѧѧ棩20023

[3] Scott L.Howell Peter B.Williams & Nathan K.Lindsay.ӰԶ̽չ32.Զ̽־20051

[4] ¥һ.Զ̽չơ;Ե̽.Զ̽־20026

[5] ΰԶ.Զ̽ķչ. 2004Զ̽

[6] .ִԶ̽ķչо.ѧԺѧ20046

[7] ⳤ.Զ״չ.ױѧԺѧ20028

 
       
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